Science 8g: Rocks and Weathering

People who study rocks are called
1. geologists
2. elementologists
3. biologists
4. physicists
Which of these apply to metamorphic rocks
1. formed by extremes of heat and pressure from other rocks
2. form in layers from particles settling out in water
3. formed when molten substances cool
4. usually soft
Which of these apply to igneous rocks
1. formed when molten substances cool
2. form in layers from particles settling out in water
3. usually soft
4. usually soft
Which of these apply to sedimentary rocks
1. form in layers from particles settling out in water
2. formed by extremes of heat (not melting) and pressure from other rocks
3. formed when molten substances cool
4. usually very hard
Frost damage occurs when
1. water gets into cracks in the rock, freezes and expands cracking the rock
2. water turns to ice and cools the rocks causing them to shrink and break
3. ice breaks away the surface of the rocks as it forms
4. ice stops the rocks expanding which causes pressure to build up and damages the rock
Which of these is not a type of weathering
1. erosion
2. physical
3. chemical
4. biological
Which of the following are not caused by erosion
1. mountains
2. arches
3. stacks
4. caves
Which of the following will increase the erosion caused by a river flowing into a river
1. faster flowing water
2. slower flowing water
3. wider river
4. bigger lake
Humus is
1. a soft black substance made from dead plants and animals found in the soil
2. a Greek foodstuff
3. made from rocks being broken down
4. the result of transport
Which of the following is not a property of Loam soils
1. easily waterlogged
2. mixture of sandy and clay soils
3. easy to dig
4. hold water well without getting waterlogged
When rocks are broken down they can be moved to a different place; this is called
1. transportation
2. deposition
3. sedimentation
4. soil
The rocks that have been transported are then dropped off; this is called
1. deposition
2. transportation
3. sedimentation
4. soil
The pieces of rock that are deposited are called
1. sediments
2. transportation
3. deposition
4. soil
Fossils are
1. the preserved shapes of plants and animals found in rocks
2. small pieces of rock
3. sediments
4. deposits
A football pitch is constantly flooded. Which of the following will help the soil to drain better
1. sand
2. clay
3. fossils
4. humus
Which statement is incorrect
1. rocks are living things
2. rocks are sometimes made from the remains of living things
3. rocks are made from minerals
4. rocks occur naturally
Which of these would not be described as transport when talking about rocks
1. carried by animals
2. carried by wind
3. carried by water
4. carried by ice
Which statement is incorrect
1. Large fragments will be carried furthest by flowing water
2. Small fragments will be carried furthest by flowing water
3. Ice is capable of carrying very large fragments of rock
4. Wind can only carry small particles of rock
Fragments transported by rivers tend to have
1. smooth rounded shapes
2. jagged sharp edges
3. one flat side
4. very irregular shapes
Weathering + Transport =
1. erosion
2. deposition
3. sedimentation
4. valley formation
Where would larger sediment particles be likely to settle out
1. when the river slows and or widens
2. at the top of the river course where the water flows the fastest
3. where the river meets the sea
4. in an oxbow lake
In a sample of rock where would the oldest rock be found
1. at the bottom
2. at the top
3. around the middle
4. they could be found anywhere in the sample
Carbonate rocks react with acid rain to release
1. Carbon Dioxide
2. Oxygen
3. Carbon Monoxide
4. Sulphur Dioxide
The rock cycle is
1. A way of linking all the natural processes by which rocks are changed and formed
2. something Fred Flintstone might ride
3. the way rocks move from one place to another
4. a way of testing the hardness of rocks
An example of biological weathering is
1. tree roots breaking down rocks in a path
2. rocks breaking down through repeated heating and cooling
3. rocks breaking down through the action of acid in rain
4. caves forming by the action of waves
An example of physical weathering is
1. rocks breaking down through repeated heating and cooling
2. tree roots breaking down rocks in a path
3. rocks breaking down through the action of acid in rain
4. plants forcing small rocks out of a cliff face
An example of chemical weathering is
1. rocks breaking down through the action of acid in rain
2. rocks breaking down through repeated heating and cooling
3. caves forming by the action of waves
4. caves forming by the action of waves
When water is removed and leaves behind the dissolved minerals this is called
1. evaporation
2. condensation
3. filtration
4. a fluke
Which of the following list is not one of the four rock tests
1. Taste test
2. what does it look like?
3. scratch test
4. porosity test
If we shake a sample of soil in a large measuring cylinder and leave it to settle what will it look like?
1. Layers; Plant material floating on top, Large particles at the bottom and gradually getting smaller as you go up
2. Layers; plant material floating, small particles at the bottom and getting bigger as you go up
3. Randomly dispersed particles and plant material in the water
4. Randomly dispersed particles in the lower area with plant material floating on top